This article was written in order to give perception of sodomy in Lima last quarter s. XVIII.
On 8 April 1776, doctor Don Agustin De La Encarnación was arrested by royal guards in Lima because he was walking on the streets wearing woman dresses. For the civil authorities, that behavior should be punished, not only by disrupting the natural order given by God, but because of the presumption of the crime of sodomy.
The description of sodomite referred to men and / or women who practiced the heinous sin of having annal sex. The sodomy therefore was not only the most heinous sin considered by the Church, in fact it was also an offense against the king, as the figure of the sodomites were one who did not contribute effectively to their sperm to increase the population of the kingdom, and thus the tax base. This meant thus a real contempt for the policies and was seen as a heretic and traitor to the king.
Depending on the ethnic and social status, the sodomite could have different kinds of punishment. In the civilian jurisdiction was punished with public embarrassment or exile perpetuity. If sodomites were not Spanish or American Spanish, penalties were more severe, in that no matter jurisdiction they were tried. As they happened to the slaves Manuel Salazar and Dionisio Mudarra. Around 1800, they were found having anal sex in a store in the Lima's Main Square. The ecclesiastical court ordered amputee their penises, then moved to civilian jurisdiction, who sentenced to burning at the stake.
The court of the Inquisition was always less severe with sodomites than the civil court, because the Church considered that the sodomy was a problem caused by a lack of education.
For this reason, it should be corrected with benevolence, penance, prayer, charity work and flogging were considered forms of punishment for them. Instead the civil jurisdiction was generally more severe and they used to punish them with the amputation of the penis, with public embarrassment, exile perpetuity or burning alive at the stake
The historian Pablo Macera said that public religious celebrations, especially black and Indian religious celebrations -were like a meeting place for people who practiced this behavior and that used be practice for all levels of Lima's society, which is why the vast repression and condemnation.
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